Published September 12, 2018
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Nikolay Gumilev
Translated from Russian by Anne Becker and Leonid Margolis
10.20411/pai.v3i2.229
Nikolay Gumilev was born in April 1886 in Kronstadt, a port about 40 miles west of St. Petersburg, to the family of a navy doctor. From childhood, he had so many serious health problems that he had to drop out of high school. Throughout his life he tried to prove to himself that he had overcome his health issues by pursuing many adventures such as travelling through Europe, hunting in the wilds of Africa, fighting a duel with another poet, taking many wives (including Anna Akhmatova, one of the greatest poets of the twentieth century), and volunteering during World War I to fight at the front (where he was awarded an order for heroism).
Gumilev wrote his first poem when he was six. His first book of poems was published when he was a student. During his life he was immensely popular and founded a new poetry movement, “acmeism.”
1n 1921, four years after the Bolsheviks came to power, Gumilev was accused of being a member of an underground organization plotting to overthrow the government. He was executed together with 61 other intellectuals on August 26, 1921. He was only 35. When, in the 1990s, the KGB archives were partially opened it was discovered that not only was Gumilev falsely incriminated, but the entire underground organization of which he was accused of being a member did not exist and was invented by the GPU, the predecessor of the KGB.